A number of different formulas are adopted in this program: 

 

 For mass to moles:

• moles dsDNA (mol) = mass of dsDNA (g)/((length of dsDNA (bp) x 617.96 g/mol/bp) + 36.04 g/mol)

• moles of dsDNA ends = moles dsDNA (mol) x 2

• DNA copy number = moles of dsDNA x 6.022e23 molecules/mol

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For moles to mass:

• mass of dsDNA (g) = moles of dsDNA (mol) x ((length of dsDNA (bp) x 617.96 g/mol/bp) + 36.04 g/mol)

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dsDNA Mass to Moles

Molecular weight of dsDNA = (number of base pairs of dsDNA x average molecular weight of a base pair) + 36.04 g/mol.

 

If no DNA sequence in inputted, the average molecular weight of a deoxynucleotide monophosphate = 617.96 g/mol will be adopted, excluding the water molecule removed during polymerization.

When a sequence is provided, the exact molecular weight is calculated by summing the molecular weights of the individual nucleotides:

• Adenosine (A): 313.23

• Thymine (T): 304.21

• Guanine (G): 329.23

• Cytosine (C): 289.20

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These weights exclude the water molecule removed during polymerization and 36.024 g/mol is added for the -OH and -H added back to the ends.

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DNA copy number

 

Avagadro's Number = 6.022e23 molecules/mol